Mexico's name is closely linked to that of Surrealism: the expeditions led by Antonin Artaud in the Sierra Tarahumara are the beginning of a relationship that lasts to this day, the stay in our country of people like Luis Buñuel Sir Edward James, Remedios Varo and Leonora Carrington, attest to the charm that caused Mexico from the clansmen surreal.
Even today, young artists follow the guidelines set by the European avant-garde, sometimes more successfully than others. Notable cases, such as Enrique Guzman, are evidence of the fortune and genius emerged in a country where the same André Breton, leader of the school autocrat, called surreal.
In the XXI century, the liberation of the subconscious is still a matter of inspiration and reason for the artwork. Those young men, among whom were Breton, Dali, Aragon, and Eluard Soulpault, who came to Dr. Freud to appreciate his work, persist and are a source of inspiration to others ..
epic surrealism in Paris, launched by a group of writers who are unhappy with the Dada anarchy launched, and that cluster around the journal "Literature" between 1921 and 1923, and from which emerge the first "official organ" of the movement The Surrealist Revolution. In 1924 Breton
made the first manifesto of Surrealism was defined as follows: "Pure psychic automatism by which it is intended to express either verbally or in writing the true function of thought. Dictation true in the absence of any control exercised by reason, and beyond any aesthetic or moral concern. "
Here is the legacy of Dada and the foundation in the theories of Freud and psychoanalysis, are proposed thereby opening the doors of the mind to the irrational and the unknown forces awakening of the human unconscious to enter the realm of magic and get the "total liberation of the spirit", the main way to achieve that release psychic automatism. L
most effective way to get to the truth regardless of the reason is conventional automatic writing, emancipated from a rational and preconceived ideas, so mired in a semiconscious state to write on paper translate unusual associations .
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the automation level is exercised in two distinct ways:
1 - As automation graphic drawings improvising, shapes and colors without leaving any will consciously or fallen material speak at random on a surface.
2 - as automatic imagination through free association of images, while upholding those produced during sleep, either by projecting the imagination and promoting the hallucinations about reports stains on the wall, floor, or landscape to move after the visions on canvas .
These two forms of automation led to two interpretations of Surrealism:
one hand, the slope based on improvisation, freed from the role of play objects, creating tangles discontinuous linear and near-rhythms abstraction, as graphically pure emanation of the unconscious, and without being subject to reason. Among others we could cite the work of Joan Miró and André Masson, the main promoters of the "automatic writing" as applied to artistic creation.
On the other side is the verismo wing, which grows to present figurative images that do not obey the logic of the waking and which, by their high degree of arbitrariness, are equipped with a powerful ability to surprise the viewer, either posing riddles, or translating the instincts evoking and Thanatos or erotic subject. Examples of this work can point the works of Salvador Dalí and René Magritte. This dual trend
cause two models coexist in the wars, but which by its nature diverse, combining never reach the same work, but maintain their purity of style and methodology as the spirit of the movement remains active .
This bypasses the regulatory TATEMENT i of reason and leaving aside the moral and aesthetic prejudices of "good taste" bourgeois, the operator would become the ideal way to enter the symbolic world of the unconscious and bring out the hidden forces of being human. It is seen as a clear desire to assert the moral denied by conventional to find a meeting point between the rational and the irrational, finding the liberating role of eroticism.
can say that Surrealism has survived as one of the most imaginative and revolutionary vanguard of the first half of the century and many of his budgets have reactualized through movements such as situatedness, action painting or Tachism and through continual propaganda of some of its members as Salvador Dalí historical.
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